Inquiry learning model in improving higher order thinking skills (HOTS) abilities in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

Abstract

Education is an activity to increase person's general knowledge including increasing mastery of theory and skills, deciding and finding problems solutions related to activities in achieving their goals, whether problems in the world of education or everyday life. If formal education in an organization is process of developing abilities in the direction desired by the organization concerned. High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) are also implemented by the government following still low ranking of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) compared to other countries, so that educational standards both in learning process and assessment are further improved by the government through the 2013 curriculum. (Ariyana et al., 2018). According to the revised Bloom's Taxonomy, cognitive processes are divided into two, there are high-level thinking skills or often referred as Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS), and low-level thinking skills Lower Order Thinking Skill (LOTS). Low-level thinking skills involve the ability to remember (C1), understand (C2) and apply (C3) while high-level thinking skills involve analysis and synthesis (C4), evaluate (C5), and create or creativity (C6). (Nugroho, 2018).